Thursday, November 12, 2009

Thanks Giving Turkey from food network

Ingredients

  • 1 (14 to 16 pound) frozen young turkey

For the brine:

  • 1 cup kosher salt
  • 1/2 cup light brown sugar
  • 1 gallon vegetable stock
  • 1 tablespoon black peppercorns
  • 1 1/2 teaspoons allspice berries
  • 1 1/2 teaspoons chopped candied ginger
  • 1 gallon heavily iced water

For the aromatics:

  • 1 red apple, sliced
  • 1/2 onion, sliced
  • 1 cinnamon stick
  • 1 cup water
  • 4 sprigs rosemary
  • 6 leaves sage
  • Canola oil

Directions

Click here to see how it's done.
2 to 3 days before roasting:
Begin thawing the turkey in the refrigerator or in a cooler kept at 38 degrees F.
Combine the vegetable stock, salt, brown sugar, peppercorns, allspice berries, and candied ginger in a large stockpot over medium-high heat. Stir occasionally to dissolve solids and bring to a boil. Then remove the brine from the heat, cool to room temperature, and refrigerate.
Early on the day or the night before you'd like to eat:
Combine the brine, water and ice in the 5-gallon bucket. Place the thawed turkey (with innards removed) breast side down in brine. If necessary, weigh down the bird to ensure it is fully immersed, cover, and refrigerate or set in cool area for 8 to 16 hours, turning the bird once half way through brining.
Preheat the oven to 500 degrees F. Remove the bird from brine and rinse inside and out with cold water. Discard the brine.
Place the bird on roasting rack inside a half sheet pan and pat dry with paper towels.
Combine the apple, onion, cinnamon stick, and 1 cup of water in a microwave safe dish and microwave on high for 5 minutes. Add steeped aromatics to the turkey's cavity along with the rosemary and sage. Tuck the wings underneath the bird and coat the skin liberally with canola oil.
Roast the turkey on lowest level of the oven at 500 degrees F for 30 minutes. Insert a probe thermometer into thickest part of the breast and reduce the oven temperature to 350 degrees F. Set the thermometer alarm (if available) to 161 degrees F. A 14 to 16 pound bird should require a total of 2 to 2 1/2 hours of roasting. Let the turkey rest, loosely covered with foil or a large mixing bowl for 15 minutes before carving.

Wednesday, November 4, 2009

苏式糕点


苏式糕点

摘自《苏州美食》

以苏州地区为代表,馅料多用果仁、猪板油丁,用桂花、玫瑰调香,口味重甜。代表品种有苏式月饼和猪油年糕等。苏式糕点在我国糕点发展史上占有重要的地位,是我国糕点主要帮式之一。据有关史料,苏式糕点萌芽于春秋,起源于隋唐,形成于两宋,发展于明清,继承、发扬、创新于现代。
秦代,苏州是嵇郡的首邑,称吴县,至隋文帝开皇九年(公元589年),废吴郡,改称苏州。由隋至唐三百多年间,苏州因地理上的得天独厚,土地肥沃,物产丰富,交通方便,市井繁荣,商贾云集,成为江南一大繁华都会。正是在这样的条件下,苏州的糕点行业蓬勃兴起。隋唐是苏式糕点的起源时期,也是苏式糕点开始兴旺、发达的时期。
到了宋代,苏式糕点作为一个独特的糕点帮式已经形成,品种甚多,类别已有炙、烙、炸、蒸。操作工艺上已有酥皮摺迭,生物发酵、浆皮松酥、松糕揉韧、包馅成形等。并已形成了商品生产,又有茶食(糕点)店铺供应。历代骚人墨客,在赞美姑苏旖旎风光的同时,也对精巧可口的苏式糕点赞美不已。白居易、杜甫、苏东坡、陆游等著名文学家和诗人都曾对苏式糕点怀有特别的感情。苏式糕点到两宋(北宋、南宋)时期已逐步形成我国主要帮式之一。
到明、清时期,苏州工商业的发展居于全国的前列,其中一个重要原因是五谷丰登,农业生产在全国领先。随着农业生产的发展和农副产品的商品化,亦为城市手工业生产提供了源源不断的原料,为工商业繁荣提供了条件。据当时记载,其著名品种就有麻饼、月饼、巧果、松花饼、盘香饼、棋子饼、香脆饼、薄脆饼、油酥饺、粉糕、马蹄糕、雪糕、花糕、蜂糕、百果蜜糕、脂油糕、云片糕、火炙糕、定胜(定榫)糕、年糕、乌米糕、三层玉带糕等。著名茶食店有王仁和、野荸荠、稻香村、桂香村等。据不完全统计,明、清时期的苏式糕点分炉货、油面、油氽、水镬、片糕、糖货、印板等七个大类,传统品种达130余种。
解放后,在国民经济恢复时期,苏式糕点有了恢复和发展,苏式糕点的生产范围扩充到苏南、苏北广大地区,部分品种的制作方法传到外省市,乃至国外,著名的松子枣泥麻饼、芝麻酥糖等产品,远销港澳,出口东南亚诸国。特别是党的十一届三中全会以来,党中央、国务院作出了发展食品工业的一系列决策,使苏式糕点得到了进一步的恢复、发扬和发展,已经恢复了许多名特品种,如清水玫瑰月饼、精致百果月饼、白麻椒盐月饼、猪油夹沙月饼、文饺(鲜肉饺)、松子枣泥麻饼、三色大麻饼、猪油芙蓉酥、猪油年糕、大方糕、松子黄千糕、松子米枫糕、玫瑰白麻酥糖、椒盐黑麻酥糖、四色片糕、八珍糕等;还有恢复了传统品种,如猪油火腿月饼、甘菜猪油饺(干菜饺)、千层酥、葱油桃酥、猪油松子酥、三色夹糕、小鸡蛋糕、蒸蛋糕、巧果、炸食、枇杷梗、荤油米花糖、糖年糕、百果蜜糕、定胜糕、松仁云片糕、桃仁云片糕、玉带糕、椒盐桃片、五香麻糕、火炙糕、印糕等。近年来不少苏式糕点获得了部、省优质食品称号,如杏仁酥、松子枣泥麻饼、精制云片糕、惠山油酥(金刚脐)、芝麻酥糖、八珍糕等。此外改革和创新了酥皮月饼、老幼喜片糕、咖哩饺、圆型夹心蛋糕、椒盐花酥、蜂乳资生糕、苔菜巧果、蜜枣酥等品种。
苏式糕点在选料、用料上,工艺制作上,风味上,时令品种上,生产经营上,均有独特之处,别具一格,具有“南点”美称。不少品种富有滋补作用,食后有益健康。随着生产力水平的提高和人民收入的增加,苏式糕点已成为美化生活不可缺少的食品之一。
苏式糕点的特点
1. 地方风味,饼糕并重
江苏处于亚热带气候,是花、果产区之一。苏州郊县的吴县,从古至今种植大量玫瑰花、桂花(木樨花)等食用香味型的花料。苏式糕点充分利用地方资源,把色泽鲜艳、香味浓郁的玫瑰花、桂花、橙子皮等,经腌制加工,成为苏式糕点添加色彩和香味的辅料。所以在苏式糕点中添加玫瑰花、桂花制品较多,而且添加的量比较重。另一方面,江南水乡盛产稻、麦,尤以水稻为主。苏式糕点在选用粮食原料上,米、麦兼用,制品上,饼、糕为重。以大米为主要原料的品种,如松子黄千糕,其松软细绵,富有松仁清香的焦糖香味;米枫糕,以酒酿发酵,洁白绵软,口感富有咬嚼;猪油芙蓉糖,薄片油炸,上浆粘结,干食松脆,冲饮肥糯等。这些制品富有米制品的特有风味。苏式糕点中,米、麦制品各占糕点年产量的50%左右。选用地方资源,富有地方风味,是苏式糕点特色之一。
2. 天然色香,食用安全
苏式糕点素来不用合成色素和合成香料,而是根据制品的风味和性能,选用相应的果仁、果肉、果皮、花料等辅料来增添天然的香味和色彩。例如,大方糕的馅料有四种,百果的中间水晶体(下略同),呈本色,具有多种果仁的天然香味;玫瑰的,呈红色,富有玫瑰花香和松仁清香;薄荷的,呈绿色,有明显的清香味;豆沙的,呈棕黑色,有赤豆的香味。猪油年糕,有四味、四色,如玫瑰猪油年糕,配用了玫瑰花、江西米粉,既富有玫瑰香味,又增添了红色;桂花猪油年糕,配用了桂花,既具有桂花香味,又在糕的表面增添了点点的金黄色;薄荷猪油年糕,配用了薄荷粉,既有薄荷味,又增添了绿色枣泥猪油年糕,配用了黑枣肉,既富有浓郁的枣香味,又添加了棕黑色等。苏式糕点添加了天然色香,不仅风味各异、色彩美观,而且滋味纯正、食用安全。
3. 选料讲究,滋补强身
苏式糕点在选料上,除了严格选用原料外,对辅料的选用亦特别讲究。在各个制品间选用果仁、果肉、花料等均有严格的要求。例如:花料选用吴县厚瓣的玫瑰花(苏州市郊土质产的厚瓣),光福的金桂(桂花有金黄色的金桂,淡黄色的银桂两种)果仁选用肥嫩、洁白的大粒松子仁,薄衣仁白的核桃仁,薄壳厚仁的黑瓜子仁。
苏式糕点除选料外,在用量和配比上,也比较严格,在各个品种之间配用的果辅料和用量的配比,又有各自的要求,因此,就有各自的独特风味。例如苏式月饼,各个制品选用不同的果仁、花料等辅料,其风味特色各有千秋。清水玫瑰月饼的馅中,选用了色泽鲜艳的清水玫瑰花(用梅卤腌制,不渗入梅子泥或其它植物)、松子仁,因此具有真正的玫瑰花香和天然的松子仁清香,制品剖面鲜红的玫瑰花清晰可见,均匀地分布在馅料中。精制百果月饼馅料中,选用了松子、核桃、瓜子三仁、青梅干等,具有果仁的多种天然香气和滋味,以及青梅爽口的特点。白麻椒盐月饼的馅料中,选用了桂花麻屑、橙子、皮丁、精盐等,具有桂花、橙子味和芝麻香,甜中带咸的特点。猪油夹沙月饼的馅料中,选用了赤豆、糖渍板油丁(猪板油丁)松子仁,具有赤豆香和松子仁的清香,以及肥润的特点。黑麻、薄荷、干菜、金腿等月饼,由于配料不同,都各具有不同的风味。
苏式糕点选用了具有滋补性的辅料,含有较高的营养价值。例如:松子枣泥麻饼、三色大麻饼,有润五脏、益肺补气、缓和滋养、补虚冷、健脾胃、止咳等作用。四色片糕中,松花片有养血祛风,益气平肝(松花粉有降血压、软化血管,防治心脏血管病,中风,促进小儿成长,恢复老人活力和清除精神疲劳等功效)。杏仁片有滋养缓和,止咳;玫瑰片有利气、行血、治风痹,散瘀止痛;苔菜片有清热解毒,软坚散结(有降低胆固醇作用)等作用。芝麻酥糖,能起润肠和血、补肝肾、乌须发、补虚冷、健脾胃、润肺止咳等作用。八珍糕系清代民间验方,由名医叶天士审定,用意颇为审慎,痛补兼顾,可以肥儿,可治疳积、驱蛔虫,可供调养。
4. 工艺制作,别具一格
苏式糕点在工艺制作上与众不同,有很多制品不需要添加疏松剂,采用了一种较为理想的工艺性疏松手段,具有独特的风格。例如,烤制品中的苏式月饼,皮层色泽美观,口感松酥;馅料肥而不腻,松酥爽口。在工艺制作上,酥皮部分的水油面团采用温水调制,使部分麦淀粉糊化,体积膨大,粘度增强,筋力减弱,采用小包油酥的工艺折迭;馅料制备上,不加水分,制品的货架寿命较长,是一种与众不同的别具一格的独特工艺。
烤制品中的巧果,制品表层密布细胞,食用特别香脆它是采用水调面团,在调制时添加了抱水性能好的豆腐,既能使面团中含有大量水分,又能利于操作,还能增加植物蛋白质,油炸受热,蛋白变性,增加其松脆感,是一种特殊的工艺。
蒸制品中的大方糕,口感松糯,色泽洁白,体积膨大,不易回生,其主要是配用了70%左右含有一定量的直链淀粉的粳米,用凉水浸泡数小时,使部分米淀粉水解,从而使制品既松软、有柔糯,图案清晰,造型美观。
熟粉制品中的芝麻酥糖,色泽微黄,焦香麻香风味,皮薄屑多,松酥可口。在工艺制作上,采用小麦粉加热焙炒,破坏其面筋力,减少水分,提高松疏度,增添焦香味;芝麻焙炒,目的亦是起到挥发水分,增加疏松程度,增添麻香风味;工艺和造型上,采用折迭成形,使体积膨松,成为一种理想的松酥熟粉制品。
5. 应时细点,时令性强
苏式糕点逢农历四时八节,均有它的时令品种,有春饼、夏糕、秋酥、冬糖的产销规律之称。传统时令制品品种占整个名特、传统品种的半数以上,春饼有酒酿饼,雪饼等;夏糕有薄荷糕,绿豆糕,小方糕等秋酥有如意酥,菊花酥,巧酥,酥皮月饼等;冬糖有芝麻酥糖,荤油米花糖等。此外苏式糕点还有上市、落令的严格规定。例如:春天的酒酿饼,正月初五上市,三月十二落令(均为农历,下同);雪饼,正月十五上市,三月二十后落令;大方糕,清明上市,端午落令。夏天的薄荷糕,三月十五上市,六月底落令;绿豆糕,三月初上市,七月底落令。秋季的月饼,四月初应时市,九月初十落令;花色月饼,七月初一上市,八月二十落令;如意酥、菊花酥,四月初应市,八月二十后落令。冬季的芝麻酥糖,九月初上市,第二年三月初十落令;糖年糕,冬至后上市,十二月三十(大除夕)落令等。过时令停止生产供应,来年再产再售。目前没有按历史上的上市、落令严格的时间要求去做,但基本按季节上市。《吴门表隐》(苏州地方志)闸:“或粉或面和糖制成糕、饼、饺、馓之属形式,名目不一,用以佐茶,故统称茶食、亦曰茶点”。苏式糕点称为四季茶食,应时细点,时令性强,亦是它的特点之一。
6. 现产现销,热炉供应
苏式糕点还有一个特色是现产现销,热炉供应。苏式月饼中的咸味月饼,有鲜肉、葱猪油、火腿猪油等,它们有不同的滋味,热食富有鲜嫩、肥美、松酥的特点,随产随卖,热炉供应,经营方式与众不同。文饺(鲜肉饺),制作工艺更为精细,造形小巧,形似眉毛,又称为眉毛饺,三面煎烙,色泽美观,内含馅卤,香嫩鲜美。
具有上述特点的苏式糕点,是历代劳动人民的智慧结晶,是我国饮食文化宝库中的瑰宝。


薄荷拉糕。
拉糕,苏州名点,最著名本应是枣泥拉糕,无奈夏天太热,
枣泥入嘴又稍腻,饭店改良成薄荷味,入嘴清凉,别有一番风味。



奶黄松糕。


苏州的糕点
苏州人农历12月每个月都有一款不同的特色糕点。
1月:元宵
2月:撑腰糕
3月:清明团
4月:神仙糕
5月:端午粽
6月:谢炤团
7月:中元缸头糕
8月:粢团
9月:重阳糕
10月:萝卜团
11月:南瓜饼
12月:糖年糕 


酒酿饼

酒酿饼的原料:
    中筋面粉2杯、酒酿3大匙、糖2大匙、温水3/4杯、豆沙225克
酒酿饼的制作方法:
    一、先将酒酿、糖、温水混合,再倒入面粉中拌匀,慢慢淋入温水,揉成光滑的面团,盖上湿布放在温暖入,使其发酵。
    二、见其膨胀成双倍大时,搓揉成长条状,再分10等份小块,每块包入豆沙少许,先搓圆再按扁。
    三、平底锅烧热,用纸巾抹少许油,再放下酒酿饼小火烘烤,约15分钟,见两面金黄时即取出

Thursday, September 10, 2009

Tequila Shrimp Pasta with Tomato-Cream Sauce


  • 1 1/2 lb tomatoes, cut into wedges
  • 3 tablespoons olive oil
  • 3/4 teaspoon salt, plus more to taste
  • 1 /14 lb shrimp, peeled and de-veined
  • 1/4 cup lime juice
  • 3 tablespoons tequila
  • 5 cloves garlic, finely chopped
  • 2 chipotle chiles en adobo, minced, plus 1-2 teaspoons sauce from the chiles
  • 1 cup heavy cream
  • 3/4 lb. bow tie pasta
  • 2 green onions, including green tops, thinly sliced
  1. Preheat oven to 400 degrees. Arrange the tomatoes in a 9-inch glass baking dish. Drizzle with 1 tablespoon of the olive oil and season with 1/4 teaspoon of the salt. Place in oven and bake 30 minutes. Turn tomatoes and bake until tomatoes are soft and lightly browned and most of their juices have evaporated, 25-30 minutes longer. Let cool and transfer tomatoes and remaining juices to food processor and process until fairly smooth.
  2. In a non-aluminum dish, combine the shrimp, lime juice, tequila, and 1/4 teaspoon of the salt. let stand at room temperature, stirring once or twice for about 30 minutes.
  3. Drain the shrimp, reserving the marinade. Set a large frying pan over high heat and add the remaining 2 tablespoons olive oil. When it’s hot, add the shrimp and cook tossing and stirring, until the shrimp are pink and partially curled but not done through, about 2 minutes. Transfer to a bowl. Reduce the heat to low and add garlic to the pan. Cook, stirring often, until fragrant and golden, about 2 minutes.
  4. Add the pureed tomatoes, the reserved marinade, the chipotles and their sauce to taste, and the remaining 1/4 teaspoon salt. Raise the heat slightly and simmer until thick, about 5 minutes. Add the cream and stir in the shrimp and any juices from the bowl. Bring to a simmer and cook, stirring occasionally, until the shrimp are just cooked through but still moist and the sauce is thick, 3-5 minutes.
  5. Cook bow tie pasta as directed and drain. Add the pasta to the sauce in the frying pan. Heat briefly, tossing and stirring, until well combined. Divide the pasta among individual plates. Scatter green onions over the top and serve immediately.

Tuesday, September 8, 2009

Kung Pao Shrimp (Kung Pao Prawn/宫保虾)


Ingredients:

12-15 big shrimps or prawns (peeled and deveined)
1/4 cup roasted peanuts
10 mini dried red chilies (use half if your dried chilies are regular or longer size)
1/4 onion (quartered)
1/2 green bell pepper
3 stalks scallions (use only the white part)
2 cloves garlic (finely chopped)
2 1/2 tablespoons oil

Kung Pao Sauce:

2 tablespoons soy sauce
2 tablespoons sweet soy sauce (Kecap Manis)
1/2 teaspoon starch
4 tablespoons water
1/4 teaspoon sesame oil
3 dashes white pepper powder
1/2 teaspoon black vinegar
1/2 teaspoon sugar

Method:

Mix the Kung Pao sauce ingredients and set aside.

Heat up a wok and add the cooking oil until the oil is very hot. Add the chopped garlic and do a few quick stirs. Add onions, green peppers, and dried red chilies. Stir-fry until you smell the spicy aromas from the dried red chilies. Add in the prawns and roasted peanuts and keep stirring.

When the shrimps are half-cooked, add the Kung Pao sauce into the wok, keep stirring until the sauce thickens and the shrimps are cooked. Add the chopped scallions, do a quick stir, dish out and serve hot.

Matcha (Green Tea) Ice Cream Recipe


1) A bucket of vanilla ice cream of your choice.
2) Matcha or green tea powder where you can find here on my Food Store.

Leave the ice cream out for 30 minutes or until they turn slightly soft. Add in a few tablespoons of matcha (depends how matcha-y you wanted your ice cream to be), then stir and blend well with the ice cream. The ice cream should turn light green in color and tastes exotic with a slight tint of bitter flavor derived from the matcha.

Freeze the ice cream, scoop it up and serve cold.

Teriyaki Chicken


Ingredients:

300g deboned chicken thighs

1 tbsp sake

4 tbsp soya sauce

4-5 tbsp mirin

2 tbsp sugar

1 tbsp vegetable oil

Method:

1. In a bowl, put in sake, soya sauce, mirin and sugar. Mix well and marinate the chicken in it for about 20 minutes.

2. Heat the oil in a pan, brown both sides of the chicken thighs and leave until cooked.

3. Pour in the teriyaki sauce that was used to marinate chicken in the pan and continue to cook until the chicken has glazed and covered the chicken.

4. Remove the pan from heat, serve on a plate and drizzle any remaining sauce from the frying pan.

5. Serve the teriyaki chicken with boiled rice or salad leaves.